UK 2020, from Stern Review. 0-9 MT of carbon across, £ / Tonne of carbon down
Levelized costs of electricity resource options
Source: Energy efficiency data represent the results of this analysis for utility program costs (range of four-year averages for 2009-2012).
Supply costs are from Lazard 2013. Solar costs have since fallen a good bit.
Comparing various refrigerants, alternatives to CFCs and HCFCs. Their Global warming potentials (GWPs) are not showns.
Source: Energy efficiency data represent the results of this analysis for utility program costs (range of four-year averages for 2009-2012).
Supply costs are from Lazard 2013. Solar costs have since fallen a good bit.
Why Homeowners Choose Heat Batteries over Heat Pumps 0425.rtf
US Appliance Efficiency Standards Save Consumers Billions, Reduce Pollution and Fight Climate Change 0425.rtf
How District Heating Can Speed the Switch to Clean Energy 0325.rtf
UK Emissions Fell 3.6% in 2024, as Coal Use Dropped to Lowest since 1666 - 0325.rtf
Trump Vows to Undo Biden’s Light Bulb, Showerhead, Toilet Rules 0225.rtf
Bringing Geothermal Heat to Boston Suburb Homes 2124.rtf
Here’s How Much Cleaner Energy Could Save the US, in Lives and Money 1224.rtf
Heat Pumps Were Supposed to Help Save the Planet. But They’ve Hit a Bump. 1024.rtf
How to Build an AC That Will Get the World through Hotter Summers 1024.rtf - The focus on de-humidifying. It has a much lower cost per amount of comfort gained than cooling the air in an indoor space.
The focus is on India. Cooling already accounts for nearly 4% of annual greenhouse gas emissions, or twice as much as airplanes. Much of that comes from electricity to run air conditioners (ACs) and refrigerant leaks. The cooling chemicals can be 100s of times or even more than 1,000 times as potent as CO2. The world's number of ACs is expected to triple by 2050, yielding perhaps 12% of the worl's overall CO2-equivalent emissions. India's ACs alone are expected to grow 30-fold by 2050.
Dehumidifiers are being tested. They use 75% less energy than ACs for the same or better comfort. The next step is to scale up production and bring the price down.
As Global Temperatures Rise, Nigeria Faces a Cooling Crisis 0924.rtf
How Networked Geothermal Power Could Change Cities 0824.rtf
Germany Looks to Manufacturers to Help Keep Homes Warm in Winter 0824.rtf
Global Power Demand Is Surging on AI and Aircon - IEA 0724.rtf
5 of the Biggest Heat Pump Challenges and How to Solve Them 0624.rtf
The White House Delivers a New Definition for Zero-Energy Buildings 0624.rtf
Heat Pumps Outsold Gas Furnaces in the US Last Year. The Gap Is Growing. 0224.rtf
New York’s Humble Radiator Is Getting a Climate-Friendly Upgrade 0524.rtf
Smart Meters Manage Loads near Peak for Electric Homes + EV Charging, Save $ 0324.rtf
More Heat Pumps Cause Demand Peak Switch to Winter, for Grid Problems 0124.rtf
New York Landlords Try Carbon-Sucking Towers to Comply with Climate Law 0123.rtf
US Residential Heat Pump Sales Pass Gas Furnaces for 1st Time - IEA 0623.rtf
‘A Matter of Survival’ - India’s Unstoppable Need for Air Conditioners 1223.rtf
How Maine Became the Heat Pump Capital of the US 1023.rtf
Cooling Technology’s Next Act Could Be More Important than Heat Pumps Today 0723.rtf
The U.S. Should Ditch AC, Use Middle Eastern Techniques to Cool Its Cities 0723.rtf
EcoFlow Just Launched Plug-and-Play Solar + Storage for Apartments 0623.rtf
Once-Shuttered California Mine Tries to Transform the Rare-Earth Industry 0623.rtf - It plans to bring ore processing to the site, instead of just taking ore out of the ground, as it once did. It will be a much cleaner process than in China and developing countries.
The 'Exploding' Demand for Giant Heat Pumps 0523.rtf
In a Warming World, 10 Air Conditioners Are Sold per Second 0523.rtf
White House Unveils a New Climate Fix - Building Codes and Energy Retrofits 0523.rtf
New York Set to Pass 1st Statewide Law Banning Gas in New Construction 0423.rtf
What’s Needed to Reach Net-Zero This Century - IEA 0423.rtf - includes charging
Green Steel Would Curb Carbon Emissions, Revive SW Pennsylvania Economy 0423.rtf
All-Electric Building in Brooklyn Draws Energy From 500 Feet Underground 0323.rtf
A Key Part of America’s Plan to Slash Carbon Emissions - Plug In Almost Everything. 0423.rtf
Britain’s Heat Pump Uptake Among Worst in Europe 0323.rtf
Transparent Aerogel Made from Wood Will Make Windows Great Insulators 0323.rtf
Pumping Heat a Mile Underground Is Helping One City Cut Carbon 0323.rtf
Elon Musk Really Wants Tesla to Make Home Heat Pumps 0323.rtf
How Much Does a Heat Pump Cost? 0223.rtf
Heat Pumps Sell Like Hotcakes on America’s Oil-Rich Alaska Frontier 0223.rtf
How This School in the Indian Desert Stays Cool, Even in Extreme Heat 1122.rtf
Washing Machines and Fridges Could Be Much Cheaper to Power by 2027 - 0223.rtf
Bill Gates Is Backing a New Window Design for Buildings, to Hold Heat In 0223.rtf
Italy Gets Cold Feet over EU Greener Buildings Plan 0223.rtf
The Enormous Heat Pumps Warming Cities 0223.rtf
India Plans $4.3 Billion Spending for Energy Transition 0223.rtf
How Supermarket Freezers Are Heating Earth, and How They Could Change 0123.rtf
US Company Gets $120 Million Boost to Make ‘Green Steel’ 0123.rtf
Getting Climate-Friendly Heat Pumps into Pennsylvania Houses Will Be Hard 0123.rtf
Solar-Powered Refrigerators Are Effective against Hunger, Slow Climate Change 0123.rtf
Why Everyone Is Going to Need a Heat Pump 0123.rtf
Green Cooling Tech Is Based on the Idea of Salt Melting Ice 0123.rtf
Britain’s Gas Prices Bring Heat Pump Adoption to New Places 1222.rtf
World Bank Lays Out $1.5 Trillion Green Cooling Plan for India 1122.rtf
China Is Leading the World on Heat-Pump Adoption 1122.rtf
Smart Glass Emerges as an Energy Saver 1122.rtf
These New Induction Stoves Want to Convince You to Ditch Gas 1122.rtf
Global Emissions from Buildings, Construction Climb to Record Levels 1122.rtf
Empty (at Night) Buildings Consume More Energy than You Think 1022.rtf
Helsinki’s Plan to Use Cold Seawater with Heat Pumps to Heat Homes 1022.rtf
New Technology Could Help Air Conditioning’s Climate Problem 0922.rtf
Heat Pumps Take Off in Coal-Loving Poland amid Ukraine War 0922.rtf
How to Decarbonize Your Home, with Help from the Inflation Reduction Act 0822.rtf
Climate Change Is Pushing Hospitals to Tipping Point 0722.rtf
The Search for an AC That Doesn’t Destroy the Planet 0822.rtf
Spain Air Conditioning Crackdown Set to Take Effect 0822.rtf
Utilities from New York to Tokyo Offer Prizes to Cut Power Use 0722.rtf
Europe Is Overheating. This Climate-Friendly A:C Could Help. 0722.rtf
British Homes Were Built to Retain Heat. That’s Becoming a Problem. 0722.rtf
In London and Looking to Cool Down? Consider a Heat Pump 0722.rtf
Washington State to Require Electric Heating in Building Code Update 0422.rtf
Microsoft, Salesforce Add $300 Million to Carbon Removal’s Growing Cash Pile 0522.rtf
Dutch Homes Will Have to Install Hybrid Heat Pumps From 2026 - 0522.rtf
How to Install Heat Pumps in Millions of European Apartments 0522.rtf
How Public Schools Are Going Net Zero 0522.rtf
On Earth Day, UMass Amherst Unveils Major Renewable Energy Overhaul 0422.rtf - Deep-well geothermal heat pump to heat 40 buildings on campus. Other heat pumps and heat recovery chillers too. Buy 100% renewable power within about a decade, when the campus becomes net-zero
Why You (and the Planet) Really Need a Heat Pump 0322.rtf
It’s Time for a Net Zero Building Boom 0422.rtf
California's Climate Fight - EVs & Heat Pumps - May Raise Power Demand 90% 0322.rtf
Super Energy-Efficient Houses 0222.rtf - In building Maine’s new “passive” homes, super insulation and very tight air sealing happen in specific sequence. Instead of a fossil-fueled furnace, use an air-source heat pump. 10% more upfront for home, but far lower energy bills. “The house won’t freeze if you lose power in the winter, which is a frequent occurrence in rural Maine.”
US Army Plans Microgrids, Electric Vehicle Fleet in 1st Climate Strategy 0222.rtf
How the Humble Heat Pump Became the Next Hot Climate Tool 0122.rtf
Did I Turn Off the Stove? Yes, but Maybe Not the Gas. 0122.rtf
Why You (and the Planet) Really Need a Heat Pump 0322.rtf - It’s easier to move heat around than to make it by burning fossil fuels. Home heat pumps can be air source or ground source. The backyard as a battery.
N.Y.C.’s Gas Ban Takes Fight against Climate Change to the Kitchen 1221.rtf
Biden Orders Federal Vehicles and Buildings to Use Renewable Energy by 2050 - 1221.rtf
Forget Gas and Hydrogen. Your Next Boiler Should Be a Heat Pump. 1121.rtf
Mass Save Program Proposes Incentives to Convert Gas Furnaces to Heat Pumps 1121.rtf
The Sustainable Industrial Revolution Is Just Getting Started 1121.rtf - emphasis on motors and steel
Over 40 Nations Pledge to Cut Emissions from Their Health Industries 1121.rtf
Toronto Has World’s Largest Lake-Powered Cooling System. How It Works. 1121.rtf - It uses bottom water at 39°F and very low power, passive, heat exchanges. And by using gravity more than pumps, it consumes 70% less energy for cooling.
‘It’s Not as Carbon-Hungry’ - UK’s Largest Sunlit Vertical Farm Begins Harvest 1021.rtf
Running Homes & Cars on Just Electricity Can Save Households AU$5,443 a Year 1021.rtf
Big Carbon Pollution Lurks in Basements and Attics - Space & Water Heaters 0921.rtf
DOE Stirs Up Climate Fight over Building Codes 0921.rtf
California’s Plan to Make New Buildings Greener Will Raise Costs 0821.rtf
Climate-Proof US Homes - Use the Least Energy Possible, from Cleanest Sources 0821.rtf
Switch from Subsidies to Carbon Taxes May Improve PV-Coupled Heat Pump Uptake 0721.rtf
Lawn Care Is Going Electric. And the Revolution Is Here to Stay. 0621.rtf
Cool Roofs, Cooler Designs as Building Industry Embraces Energy Sustainability 0621.rtf
Your Next Car and Clothes Dryer Could Help Save Our Planet 0621.rtf - Senator Heinrich (D-NM)
Why Renewable Electricity Powers Decarbonization — and Pays Off 0421.rtf - heat pumps, induction cooking, electric machines in industry (led by cement and steel) replacing heat from fossil fuels, electric vehicles, etc.
Hospitals Try to Curb Astronomical Emissions amid New Pandemic Challenges 0421.rtf
Planet-Warming Emissions from Buildings Put Climate Goals at Risk 1220.rtfN.Y.C.’s Gas Ban Takes Fight against Climate Change to the Kitchen 1221
China’s Climate-Friendly Propane Air Conditioners Are Blocked by US’ UL 1220.rtf
Getting Building Height Right for the Climate 1120.rtf - 4-story courtyard builing is optimal. High rises require a lot of energy for elevators, pumping up water and cool air.
Geothermal Heat Pumps Could Provide Carbon-Free Heat for Buildings 1120.rtf
Bringing the Chill of the Cosmos to a Warming Planet 1020.rtf - Cooling by radiating to space at specific wavelengths that pass straight through our atmosphere, at a wavelength that greenhouse gases do not absorb. The radiating coating film also almost perfectly reflects incoming liight, using nanoscale technology. The concept has been used very locally for centuries. It’s the reason frost can form on clear nights when the temperature stays above 32°F.
PG&E Gets on Board with All-Electric New Buildings in California 0620.rtf
Energy Efficiency Helped Empire State Building Save Money, Cut CO2 40%. 0520.rtf
556 Buildings in Pittsburgh’s 2030 District Are Greatly Reducing Energy Use 0520.rtf
Goodbye, Gas Furnaces? Why Electrification Is the Future of Home Heating 0120.rtf
This Is What Cities Need to Do by 2050 to Meet Climate Goals 0919.rtf
Electricity Demand Will Soar as Households Try to Cope with More Heat 0619.rtf
Affordable, Self-Heating Homes of the Future, Inspired by the Past 0319.rtf
Net-Zero Energy Homes Pay Off Faster Than You Think, Even in Chilly Midwest 1218.rtf
Fast-Rising Demand for Air Conditioning Is Adding to Global Warming 1118.rtf
Low Cost, Low Energy Cooling System Shows Promise for Climate Change 1018.rtf - technical, about below - U of Colorado
Without these coatings, space cooling (air conditioning) could use as much electricity by 2050 as China now uses total.
Super-Reflective Coating Keeps Buildings Cool, so We Don’t Need as Much AC 0918.rtf - general, about above - Columbia U
New York City Took Step toward Cutting Its Top Source of Climate Pollution 0818.rtf
How to Prevent Cooling from Warming Up the World 0718.rtf - improve efficiency, eliminate HFCs (& CFCs)
South Africa Aims for ‘Zero Carbon' Buildings in Green Push 0518.rtf
Warming Climate to Nearly Double Demand for Cooling Appliances 0418.rtf
SkyCool’s New Material Could Improve Air Conditioning Efficiency 20% 0418.rtf - Material’s infrared radiation passes thru air.
Electrification (to Reduce Carbon Emissions) Could Be a Lifeline for Utilities 0318.rtf - electricity for space heating and transport
Tax Breaks and a Google Startup Bringing Earth's Heat into Homes 0218.rtf - ground-source heat pumps
Europe's Microwave Ovens Emit Nearly as Much CO2 as 2-3 Million Cars 0118.rtf
Fighting Climate Change, One Laundry Load at a Time 0118.rtf
Using Outer Space to Help Cool Buildings on Earth 1017.rtf - Materials that radiate infrared at wavelengths that are not absorbed by greenhouse gases
Indian Builders Pledge “Green" Homes in Race to Meet Climate Goals 0717.rtf
Passive Housing Cuts Costs – and Global Warming 0617.rtf - Passive house gets most of the way to zero carbon.
Ultra-Efficient Portland Apartment Building Doesn’t Need Central Heating 0617.rtf
Buildings Smarten Up - Consider Occupants, Utility Rates and the Weather 0217.rtf
High-Tech Film Cools Buildings without Consuming Energy 0217.rtf - white/mirror film with micron bubbles radiates, not absorbs
Emerging Climate Accord Could Push A:C Out of Sweltering India’s Reach 1016.rtf
This Building Could End the Office Thermostat War and Abolish Fuel Poverty 0916.rtf - at-desk space heaters
The KiloWatt You Never Use - How National Grid Plans to Save Customers $3.6B through Efficiency 0816.rtf
Mobile Homes Move toward Efficiency 0816.rtf
How Eco Homes Can Cut Your Energy Bills – or Even Make Money 0716.rtf - designer homes
Power Plants Are No longer Biggest US Climate Problem. Transportation Is. 0616.rtf - Buildings and afctories are a close #3.
What Adding 700 Million Air Conditioners Means for the Climate 0516.rtf - Make them VERY efficient.
Your Home Water Heater May Soon Double as a Battery 0216.rtf
Those Days You Work From Home May End Up Wrecking the Planet 0216.rtf - Home energy use 20% more for work-at-home.
Fixing Drafty Old Buildings Becomes $20 Billion U.S. Industry 0116.rtf
Pushing the Envelope to Make Buildings Greener 0116.rtf - leaks in commercial & industrial buildings in Canada
Your Kitchen Is a Battleground in Obama Energy Efficiency Push 0116.rtf - 43 efficiency rules since 2009 will save enough to eliminate 96 power plants.
Posh New York City Hotels Pledge to Go Green 1215.rtf
Green Homes Plan Finally Gets EU Funding for Just 10% of Proposed Houses 1115.rtf
New York City Stores Must Keep Doors Closed if Air-Conditioning Is On 1015.rtf
3 Universities Get into Hot Water, Cut Emissions, and Save Money 1015.rtf - all in, hot water is much cheaper than steam
Which of These Student-Designed Solar Houses Will Be the Home of the Future? 0915.rtf
India's Fuel Retailers Bet on Solar Power with Easy Loans 0815.rtf
Savvy Ways to Keep Your Home Cool 0715.rtf
Europe to America - Your Love of Air-Conditioning Is Stupid 0715.rtf
The Home that Pays Its Own Utility Bill (and Then Some) 0715.rtf
'Green' Roofs Not Always the Most Energy-Efficient 0615.rtf
In Just a Week, This Kit Turns Old Houses into Zero-Energy Homes (for Free) 0615.rtf - using a very low (social) discount rate
Boston's Logan Airport Drafts Climate Change Plan 0515.rtf
Cool Homes, Hot Planet - How Air Conditioning Explains the World 0415.rtf
Hand over Control of My Fridge to an Energy Company? No Thanks, Say Brits 0415.rtf
New York Plans Housing Project Upgrades to Reduce Emissions, Utility Costs 0415.rtf
Water Source Heat Pumps 'Could Warm a Million Homes in England' 0315.rtf
Your High-Rise Is Warming the Globe - Household Emission Tops Calcutta List 0315.rtf
Environmental Report Details Heat’s Costly Escape Through Elevator Shafts 0315.rtf
Germany Seeks to Boost Renewable Sources of Heating 0315.rtf
Apple to Invest €1.7 Billion in Green European Data Centers 0215.rtf
EU introduces New Rules to Make Cooking Greener 0215.rtf
'Smart’ Windows Could Save Energy 0215.rtf
Your Home Is Full of Devices That Never Turn Off, Costing You Money. 0215.rtf
Chinese Developers Get Active Building Passive (Superinsulated) Energy Homes 0115.rtf
Coffee Machines, etc. to Power Down Under New EU Energy Rules 0115.rtf
How Smart Glass Windows Slash Energy Bills 1214.rtf
Scientists Take Step Toward Revolutionary Coolant ... Using Outer Space? 1114.rtf
Norwegian House-Power Plant Produces Twice The Energy It Uses 0914.rtf
New Air Conditioner Standards Would Be Biggest Energy Saver in DOE History 0814.rtf
One Company, OPower, Is Really Psyched about EPA's Big Climate-Change Rule 0814.rtf
Your Thermostat Is About to Get 'Smart' 1113.rtf
Push Urged for More Cool Roofs for Baltimore 1013.rtf
Weatherizing Homes to Uniform Standard Can Save UK $33 Billion Annually 1013.rtf
How Hospitals Can Help Fight Climate Change 0813.rtf
Radical Norway Retrofit Give Positive Net Energy 0213.rtf
Largest US Ground Source Heat Pump at Ball State 0212.rtf
Smart Windows 0911.rtf
Power Demand from US Homes Falling 0911.rtf
Hitachi's Solar Air Conditioning 0111.rtf
Commercial Retrofits Could Save $41B by 2020 0710.rtf
Roof Tiles Change Color to Save Energy 1009.rtf
Green Roof CO2 Effects 1009.rtf
Smart Grid Projects 1009.rtf
Top 10 Home Energy Myths 0809.rtf
Whole House Fans 0809.rtf
Flat TVs Use Potent New Greenhouse Gas 0708.rtf
Ice Is Nice 0507.rtf - Make ice at night, melt it by day for cold water to pipe around to cool buildings. This uses cheap energy at night (wind?) to replace expensive energy (gas? oil? peakers) on hot afternoons.
Ground Source Heat Pumps 0809.pdf
Ground Source Heat Pumps 0507.rtf
These Are the Toughest Emissions to Cut, a Big Chunk of the Climate Problem 0618.rtf - unduly pessimistic view?
1. Setting the thermostat higher or lower will heat or cool the house faster.
2. Heating and cooling systems "work harder" to reach a comfortable temperature, after setback or set forward.
3. Energy efficiency and energy conservation are the same thing.
4. When an appliance is turned off, it is off.
5. CFLs are more harmful for the environment than traditional bulbs, because they contain mercury.
6. Leaving lights, computers, and appliances on uses less energy than turning them on and off.
7. Duct tape is the best choice for sealing ducts.
8. Purchasing an efficient air-conditioner or furnace will automatically reduce energy bills.
9. Dimming lights by 50% will cut lighting costs in half.
10. Closing off vents will help to lower heating and cooling costs.
Section Map: Energy Use