Embedded Files
For detailed amounts of sea level rise - past, present and future - see the page Water:Oceans, Past and Future Sea Level sections
From U.S. National Climate Assessment (2013).
World Meteorological Organization, 1021 - From State of the Climate in 2021
Note that sea level rise rate doubled (up 110%) over 20 years and accelereated a bit, up 51% in the past 10 years (20-year rate of 126%).
Where Seas Are Rising at Alarming Speed in US 0424.rtf
- 12 tide gauges spanning Texas to North Carolina, sea levels are at least 6 inches higher than they were in 2010.
2023-2026 Articles
2023-2026 Articles
Climate Change, Rising Seas Threaten Southern Iran’s Food Security 0126.rtf
New Orleans Relocation Must Start Now, due to Sea Level Rise 0526.rtf - New Orleans will be surrounded by ocean by 2100. New Orleans will be wholly below sea level and will likely disappear.Rising Sea Levels Threaten > 100 Million Buildings. Where Does Europe Stand? 1025.rtfMany Coastal Communities Are Flooding More than We Thought 0625.rtfSea Level Rise from 1.5°C Will Cause ‘Catastrophic Inland Migration 0525.rtfStudy Projects Climate-Driven Flooding for 1,000s of New Jersey Homes 0425.rtfNew Elevation Data Show 2-Meter Sea Rise to Cover Up to 140% More Area 0123.rtfRising Seas & Land-Based Salt Pollution Pose Dual Threats for Drinking Water 0325.rtfRenewed Concern Sea-Level Rise Will Flood Philadelphia Drinking-Water Intakes 0325.rtfClimate Change Coming for Coastlines, from Ancient Cities to Modern California 0225.rtf‘Ironic’ - Climate-Driven Sea Level Rise Will Overwhelm Major Oil Ports 0125.rtfOceans Overflowing, UN Chief Issues Global SOS for Pacific Sea-Level Rise 0824.rtfIn Charleston, South Carolina, Floods Are a ‘Constant Existential Fear’ 0824.rtfRising Sea Levels Will Disrupt Millions of Americans’ Lives by 2050 - 0624.rtfClick for more‘It’s in Our Rivers and Our Cups’ – Deadly Spread of Salt Water in Bangladesh 0524.rtfFast-Rising Seas Could Swamp Septic Systems in Parts of the South 0524.rtfWhere Seas Are Rising at Alarming Speed in US 0424.rtfFlooding Drives Millions to Move, as Climate Migration Patterns Emerge 1223.rtfSea Level Rise Projected to Drain Florida’s Financial Future 1023.rtfSaltwater Wedge Threatens New Orleans, as Mississippi River Dredged for Trade 1023.rtfWhat Arctic Ice Tells Us about Climate Change 0823 5.00.04 PM.rtf - another 7 inches of sea level rise by 2100 with newer climate models, on top of nearly a foot using older climate models. Longer term, 24 feet from Greenland. That would erase 440,000 square miles of land, where more than 375 million people currently live.Just 4 Pupils Left - How the Sea Rose Up on a Thai Village 0723.rtfRising Seas Have Flooded This Lagos Town 3 Times. It May Not Survive a 4th. 0623.rtfRising Sea Levels Will Isolate People Long before They’re Underwater 0523.rtfFlood Insurance Rates Will Soar in Some Areas, FEMA Says 0523.rtfClimate Change Forces Rethinking Mammoth Everglades Restoration Plan 0523.rtfClimate Change Is Creating a Huge and Growing U.S. Real Estate Bubble 0423.rtfVenice Is Saved! Woe Is Venice. 0423.rtfA Medieval English Village Is Being Swallowed by the Sea 0423.rtf - Cliffs of sand and gravel crumble, moving the shoreline inland fast.Rising Seas Threat to Asian Megacities Could Be Way Worse than We Thought 0323.rtfUS Housing Market Is Overvalued by Billions Due to Ignored Flood Risk 0223.rtfRising Seas Threaten ‘Mass Exodus on a Biblical Scale’, UN Chief Warns 0223.rtf
2018-2022 Articles
Why Republicans Are Coughing Up $ Billions to Save Florida’s Insurance Market 1222.rtfEgypt’s Barren Fields Are Dire Bellwether for Climate Summit 1122.rtfSaltwater Moving up the Mississippi River — What's Being Done to Stop It 1022.rtfFloods Displace Villagers in Indonesia 1022.rtfAnother City, Bangkok, Is Drowning and We Can’t Look Away 1022.rtfRising Seas Could Swallow Millions of U.S. Acres within Decades 0922.rtfSaltwater Intrusion Is a “Slow Poison” to East Coast Drinking Water 0822.rtfRising Seas Are the Next Crisis for the World’s Ports 0722.rtfThe Wetlands Are Drowning 0522.rtfClick for more2018-2022 Articles
Salt Scourge - The Dual Threat of Warming and Rising Salinity 0522.rtfClimate Change Threatens Nearly 1:3 of U.S. Hazardous Chemical Facilities 0322.rtfThe Battle to Save Waikiki Beach 0122.rtfThe U.S. Navy Has a Water Problem 0919.rtf - focus on Norfolk area in VirginiaClimate Change Could Leave Millions of Miles of US Roads Inoperable in 30 Years 1121.rtfOur Underwater Future - How Sea Level Rise Will Look around the Globe 1021.rtfLondon’s Tube Could Turn Unbearably Hot, Stations Flooded by Climate Change 0921.rtfEU-Backed Study Shows Alarming State of Oceans 0921.rtf - accelerating sea level rise is one facetSea-Level Rise Becoming Hazard for South Florida Neighborhoods Far Inland 0921.rtfThe Race to Save London’s Underground from Flooding 0821.rtfRising Seas Pose an ‘Existential Threat’ to Boston Subway System 0721.rtfBoston Could See a Rash of Flooding in Years to Come from Climate Change 0721.rtf - high-tide floodingCondo Collapse Could Stoke Miami Climate Fear in Home Buyers 0721.rtfUp to 410 Million People at Risk from Sea Level Rises 0621.rtfMiami Tower Collapse Stokes New Fears of Rising Seas 0621.rtf'The Water Is Coming’ - Florida Keys Face Stark Reality as Seas Rise 0621.rtf‘Now, It’s about Elevation’ - Buying a South Florida Home in a Sea Level Rise Era 0521.rtfSea Level Rise Added $8 Billion to Hurricane Sandy’s Damage 0521.rtf100s of Coastal Airports at Risk from Flooding, Sea-Level Rise 0521.rtfWe Must Start Refreezing the Arctic Ocean Very Soon to Save Our Megacities 0121.rtfSea Level Rise Cuts Some Norfolk Stormwater System Capacity 50% 0121.rtfRaising Roads for Sea Rise in Florida Keys Could Cost Residents $1.8 Billion 1220.rtfKing Tides, Boosted by Rising Seas, Floods Communities along the East Coast 1020.rtfFlorida Sees Signals of a Climate-Driven Housing Crisis 1020.rtfNZ’s Antarctic Scott Base Plans for Sea Level Rise – and Fall 0920.rtfCharleston Sues Fossil Fuel Companies for $2 Billion to Fight Climate Floods 0920.rtfSome California Cities Think They’re Safe from Sea Level Rise. They’re Not. 0820.rtfCoastal Flooding Could Hit 20% of World GDP by 2100 - 0720.rtf - 20% each yearNew Data Shows an ‘Extraordinary’ Rise in U.S. Coastal Flooding 0720.rtfLoss of Louisiana Marshes That Protect New Orleans Is ‘Probably Inevitable’ 0520.rtfAs Sea Levels Rise, Will Drinking Water Supplies Be at Risk? 0420.rtfFlooding Will Affect Twice as Many People Worldwide by 2030 - 0420.rtfUS to Have Major Floods Daily unless Sea-Level Rise Is Curbed 0420.rtfSea Level Rise Could Cut 15% Off Value of Florida Coastal Homes by 2030 - 0120.rtf82 Days Underwater in Florida Keys - the Tide Is High, but They’re Holding On 1119.rtfFar More People Are Threatened by Rising Seas than Scientists Realized 1019.rtfRising Seas Will Erase More Cities by 2050, New Research Shows 1019.rtfHow Extreme Sea Level Events Are Going to Increase in Australia 1019.rtf - sea flooding days become more frequent as seas riseExtreme Sea Level Events ‘Will Hit Once a Year by 2050’ - 0919.rtf - extreme = 1 / century, nowThe Melting Arctic is Shanghai's Worst Nightmare 0919.rtfClimate Change Is About to Split High Arctic Spitzbergen in 2 - 0919.rtfRetreating from Rising Seas Isn’t a Win or a Defeat — it’s Reality 0919.rtfBangladesh Is Disappearing under Rising Tides 0919.rtfLouisiana’s Coastline Is Disappearing. Can the Bayou Be Saved? 0719.rtfFrom Atlantic City to Key West - 21 Beach Towns Will Soon Be under Water 0719.rtfSea Level Rise Could Cost Florida $76 Billion, US $400 Billion by 2040 - 0719.rtfWith More Storms and Rising Seas, Which U.S. Cities Should Be Saved 1st? 0619.rtfAre Waterfront Hotels Ready for Climate Change? 0519.rtfVirginia Beach Wants to Require Developers to Factor in Sea Level Rise for New Projects 0519.rtfLouisiana Coastal Residents Agree They Face ‘Existential’ Crisis 0519.rtfOceans Could Rise over 6 Feet by 2100 as Polar Ice Melts, Swamping NYC, etc. 0519.rtf - It could inundate 700,000 square miles and displace 187 million people or more.Climate Change Is Already Battering This West African City 0419.rtfCalifornia Sea Level Rise Could Exceed Worst Wildfire & Earthquake Destruction 0319.rtfCoastal Flooding Is Erasing Billions in Property Value as Sea Level Rises 0219.rtf - over $16 billion in US since 2005Sea Level Rise Could Cost Virginia Beach Billions of Dollars 0119.rtfRising Waters Are Drowning Amtrak's Northeast Corridor 1218.rtf - bad by 2050 with 2 foot sea level riseRising Seas Will Swamp UK Homes, Report Says 1018.rtfOnce Iraq's Venice, Basra's Waters Have Now Turned Deadly 0918.rtf - salinization, garbage, toxinsSea Level Rise Is Eroding Home Value, and Owners Might Not Even Know It 0818.rtfCost of Coastal Flooding in Europe Could Reach $1 Trillion Annually by 2100 - 0818.rtfRising Seas Could Knock Out the Internet - Sooner than Scientists Thought 0818.rtfRising Ocean Waters from Global Warming Could Cost $ Trillions 0718.rtfSouthern California's Coastal Communities Could Lose 130 Feet of Cliffs by 2100 - 0618.rtf - Corals cannot build a reef higher as fast as seas will rise.Coral Reefs ‘Will Be Overwhelmed by Rising Oceans’ 0618.rtfFlooding from Sea Level Rise Threatens over 300,000 US Coastal Homes 0618.rtf‘Clear-Sky’ Flooding Worsens across U.S. as Sea Levels Rise 0618.rtfSunny Day Flooding Worsens at NC Beaches - Sea Rise Is Decades Too Soon 0518.rtf - 20 N.C. communities could be submerged by sea water in the next 15 years, 28% of Cape Hatteras by 2060, etc.Everglades Threatened as Florida's Mangroves Face Death by Rising Sea Level 0518.rtfHomes near Ocean Risk Losing Value, Even in a Hot Market 0418.rtf - Boston areaThe Military Paid for a Study on Sea Level Rise. The Results Were Scary. 0418.rtf - Half is about effect on US military bases, especially Pacific Islands, but also Atlantic Coast bases.Seas Are Rising Too Fast to Save Much of the Mississippi River Delta 0418.rtfHigh-Tide Flooding Could Happen ‘Every Other Day’ by Late This Century 0318.rtfPowerful Winter Storm Shows Damage High Tides with Sea Level Rise Can Do 0318.rtfNew US Report Predicts Rising Tides, More Flooding 0318.rtfSea Level Rise Damaging More U.S. Bases, Former Top Military Brass Warn 0218.rtfWhy the Impact of Climate Change on Karachi Is a Big Threat for Pakistan 0218.rtfHow Climate Change Is Triggering a Migrant Crisis in Vietnam 0118.rtf“Boats Pass over Where Our Land Was'- Bangladesh's Climate Refugees 0118.rtfSea Level Rise Could Displace 20,000 in Hawaii by 2100 - 0118.rtf
2017 Articles and earlier
2017 Articles and earlier
"Climate Gentrification" Could Add Value to Elevation in Real Estate 1217.rtfThis Is What Happens when the Hurricane Hits Miami in 2037 - 1217.rtfA Poison in Our Island 1117.rtf - Radioactive legacy of US H-bomb tests on Enetewak Atoll will be swallowed by rising seas.From Miami to Shanghai - 3°C Warming to Leave World Cities below Sea Level 1117.rtfRising Seas Are Flooding Virginia’s Naval Base. Can It Be Fixed? 1017.rtfNew York City’s Fate Is Closely Tied to Antarctic Ice, Scientists Warn 1017.rtfWaiting for the Tide to Turn - Kiribati's Fight for Survival 1017.rtfFlooding in Miami Is No Longer News, but It’s Certainly Newsworthy 0817.rtfU.S. Communities Will Face Chronic Flooding as Sea Levels Rise 0717.rtfSea Level Rise Is Accelerating in Florida, Scientists Warn 0717.rtf - up to more than 3 inches per decade alreadyThe Drowning Villages of Indonesia 0717.rtfRapid Sinking of Louisiana’s Coast Already Counts as a ‘Worst Case Scenario’ 0617.rtfU.S. Vulnerable to Worst of Extreme Sea Rise 0417 .rtfNightmare Scenario for Florida’s Coastal Homeowners 0417.rtf - When masts of small boats cannot fit under bridges, values of affected properties start to drop. Spiral to sell before prices plunge further.Sea Level Rise Could Send U.S. ‘Climate Migrants' Fleeing to Austin, Atlanta 0417.rtfUnless Emissions Drop, Much of Coastal Louisiana Will Be Swamped 0417.rtfModest Sea-Level Rise in California Could Be Catastrophic 0417.rtfRising Waters Threaten China’s Rising Cities 0417.rtfCoastal Cities Could Flood 3 Times a Week by 2045 - 0217.rtLouisiana Won’t Let Trump Downplay Global Warming 0117.rtfFinal Obama Climate Reports Projects Seas to Rise 1 to 8 Feet by 2100 - 0117.rtf - consequences for various citiesFlooding in Denmark Becoming the Norm 0117.rtfSea Level Rise May Severely Impact Tampa by 2040 - 1216.rtfMajor Flooding in UK Now Likely Every Year, Warns Lead Climate Adviser 1216.rtfEverglades' Water at Risk from Sea-Level Rise 1216.rtfMiami's Causeways Highly Vulnerable to Sea-Level Rise 1216.rtfPerils of Climate Change Could Swamp Coastal Real Estate 1116.rtfWhat Worries Scientists So Much about Sea-Level Rise after 2050 - 1116.rtfThese Are the Cities Most at Risk from Sea Level Rise 1116.rtfWill Climate Change Sink the Mekong Delta? 1016.rtfSea Level Rise in Coastal Bangladesh 0916.rtfAs Sea Levels Rise, Nearly 1.9 Million U.S. Homes Could Be Underwater by 2100 - 0816.rtfLouisiana’s Sinking Coast Is a $100 Billion Nightmare for Big Oil 0816.rtfRising Seas Threaten to Swamp U.S. Military Bases by 2050 - 0716.rtfPacific Atolls ‘Could Be Underwater by 2050’ - 0716.rtfRising Seas Push Too Much Salt Into The Florida Everglades 0516.rtfClimate Change Blamed after Pacific Swallows Villages, 5 Solomon Islands 0516.rtfAbrupt Sea Level Rise Looms as Increasingly Realistic Threat 0516.rtfNASA Is Facing a Climate Change Countdown 0416.rtfWe Had All Better Hope These Scientists Are Wrong about Earth’s Future 0316.rtfJames Hansen Warns of Much Worse than Expected Sea Level Rise 0316.rtfPakistan’s Biggest Threat Isn’t Terrorism, It’s Climate Change 0316.rtf - Salt water creeps into Karachi, with 45% of GNPPreparing for the Inevitable Sea-Level Rise 0216.rtfAustralia's Military Sees Rising Challenges from Climate Change 0216.rtfAs Sea Levels Rise, Economic Damage Piles Up Even Faster 0216.rtfLouisiana Tribe Officially Becomes America's First Climate Refugees 0216.rtfEffects of Climate Change in Bangladesh 0116.rtfBarrier Islands Could Be Unlivable in 50 Years 0116.rtfChina’s Sea Change 1215.rtfClimate Refugees and a Collapsing City 1115.rtfIndia’s Rising Tides and Temperatures 1115.rtfWest Antarctic Ice Melt Could Raise Seas by 3 Meters 1115.rtfNew York Prepares for Up to 6 Feet of Sea Level Rise 1115.rtfMiami, New Orleans Will Inevitably Be Submerged 1015.rtfRising Salinity Threatens Bangladesh's Coastal Communities 1015.rtfAmerican Cities Most Threatened by Rising Sea Levels 1015.rtfSea Level Rise Increasing Major Storms off New Jersey 0915.rtfAtlantic Ocean Excited To Move Into Beautiful Beachfront Mansion Soon 0915.rtf - West Palm BeachWorst-Case Scenario for Sea Level Rise - No More New York, Berlin or Shanghai 0915.rtfStudy Predicts All Antarctic Ice to Melt if All Fossil Fuels Are Burned 0915.rtfRising Sea Level Threatens Coastal Restoration, New Orleans Levees 0815.rtfGreenland Melt Prompts NASA Fears of Coastal Flooding 0815.rtfVietnam Ready to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions 0815.rtfIs New Orleans Safe? 0815.rtfFrom the Mississippi to the Ganges, River Deltas Are in Major Trouble 0815.rtfSalt Water Increasingly Attacks Vietnam’s Mekong Delta 0715.rtfRising Seas, Storm Surge, Rain Raise Severe Flooding Risk in Biggest US Cities 0715.rtfSandy Caused Record Sea Levels, $23 Billion Damages in New York State 0715.rtfCome Hell or High Water - the Disaster Scenario that Is South Florida 0715.rtfSea Levels Could Rise At Least 20 Feet 0715.rtf - another take on study by Jim Hansen, Eric Rignot, et al.Billions of Dollars of Pacific Infrastructure at Risk from Climate Change 0715.rtfNorth Carolina’s Outer Banks Could Lose $2 Billion to Rising Seas 0615.rtfWhy Miami is the ‘New Atlantis’ 0615.rtfThe Changing Carolina Coast - Managing the Threat of Rising Water 0615.rtfSeacoast Vacation Homes Hit by $250 insurance Surcharge 0515.rtfSea-Level Rise Accelerating, as Earth's Ice Sheets Melt 0515.rtfSea Rise Threatens Florida Coast, But There’s No Statewide Plan 0515.rtfFading Shores - Reality of Climate Change 0515.rtfObama’s Trip to Florida Everglades Is a Shrewd Move in Climate Debate 0415.rtfSingapore Struggles to Make Itself More Resilient to Global Warming 0415.rtfVenice's Sink or Swim Moment 0415.rtfCalifornia Facing Extreme Heat Waves and Rising Seas 0415.rtfMiami Beach 'Rising' to Challenge of Encroaching Seas 0415.rtfRising Oceans Could Displace Millions of Americans by 2100 - 0315.rtfThese Florida Republicans Are Busy Protecting Their Coasts from Sea Level Rise 0315.rtfRise in Government Insurance Rates to Mirror Rising Waters, Flood Debt 0315.rtf1 in 6 UK Homes at Risk from Flooding 0315.rtfUK's Coastal Railways Vulnerable to Climate Threat 0315.rtfAntarctica's Retreating Ice May Re-Shape Earth 0215.rtfMillions at Risk From Rapid Sea Rise in India’s Swampy Sundarbans 0215.rtfRising Sea Levels and Temperatures Ahead for NYC 0215.rtfThe Pentagon & Climate Change - How Deniers Put National Security at Risk 0215.rtfRising Seas Affecting Kennedy Space Center 0215.rtfPakistan's Coastal Villagers Retreat as Seas Gobble Land 0115.rtfUS Coastal Cities Face Daily Flooding by Mid-Century – NOAA 0115.rtfAlmost 7,000 UK Properties to Be Sacrificed to Rising Seas 1214.rtfUS Damages Through 2100 Can Top $1.1 Trillion from Rising Seas, Storm Surge 1214.rtfWarming World's Rising Seas Wash Away Some of South Florida's Glitz 1214.rtfMajor Deltas ‘Could Be Drowned' 1214.rtfHuge, Hidden Cost of Protecting Homeowners from the Rising Sea 1114.rtfCapping Warming at 2°C Not Enough to Avert Disaster, Experts Warn 1114.rtfSea Level Rise Making Floods Routine for Coastal Cities 1014.rtfAmid Rising Water, Sinking Land, Southern Louisiana Folks Sit Tight 1014.rtfCoastal Paradise Confronts Its Watery Future 0914.rtf$226 Billion in Predicted Australian Damage from Rising Seas by 2100 - 0914.rtfClimate Change Concerns Weigh on Cape Cod Home-Buying Decisions 0914.rtfSouth Australians May Have to Carry Cost of Losing Homes to Rising Seas 0414.rtfStorm Surge Could Flood NYC 1 in Every 4 Years 0414.rtfCaribbean Climate In Crisis 0214.rtfClimate-Threatened Solomon Islanders Prepare for Evacuation 1113.rtfDrowning Kiribati 1113.rtfRising Seas Threaten Cape Cod's Groundwater 0214.rtfIndonesia Risks Losing Up to 1,500 Islands by 2050 - 0214.rtfRising Sea Levels, Falling Florida Real Estate Values 1113.rtfCoast Protection Costs Rise with Sea Levels 1113.rtfUnderwater Destiny for Many N.J. Towns? 1113.rtfTanzania’s Coastal Communities Forced to Drink Seawater 1013.rtfVirginia Mayors - Time to Respond to Climate Change 0913.rtfHigher Sea Levels Mean More Flood Damage from Storms Like Isabel 0913.rtfNew Jersey Shore Likely Faces Unprecedented Flooding by 2050 - 1213.rtfAs Pacific Islands Flood, a Climate-Driven Exodus to US Grows 0913.rtfPacific islands Fighting for Survival, as Sea Levels Rise 0913.rtfPost-Katrina, Black Families Still More Vulnerable to Extreme Weather 0813.rtfMost of Manila Under Water, as Record Storms Sweep Parts of Asia 0813.rtfGreenwich CT Stilt Houses Foreshadow Impact of New FEMA Maps 0813.rtfWorld's Coastal Cities Face $1 Trillion Flood Losses a Year by 2050 0813.rtfRising Seas - Holland to New Holland to Miami 0813.rtfTiming a Rise in Sea Level 0813.rtfSacramento Areas Will Be Covered by Rising Seas 0813.rtfSea Level Rise to Play Bigger Role in NYC Storms 0813.rtfSea Level Rise Locking In Quickly, Cities Threatened 0713.rtfSea Level Rise 2.3 or 3.9 Meters per °C - Levermann 0613.pdfSimultaneous Disasters Batter Pacific Islands 0713.rtfGoodbye, Miami 0613.rtf - a long and detailed look at Miami, as it slowly vanishes beneath the waves over the next century or so, as published in Rolling Stone4 Ways US Government Subsidizes Risky Coastal Rebuilding 0613.rtf6 of the World's Most Extensive Climate Adaptation Plans 0613.rtfWill New York's Sea-Level Plan Play in Miami? 0613.rtfVirginia Seeks Ways to Cope with Sea Level Rise 0613.rtfUS Airports Face Increasing Threat From Rising Seas 0613.rtfNew Climate Data Depict a City More at Risk 0613.rtfClimate Change Could Increase US Flood Risk Areas by 45% 0613.rtfCities of the World Plan Adaptation to Climate Change 0613.rtfSea Level Rise Absent from New FEMA NYC Maps 0213.rtfBoston Prepares for Sea Level Rise 0213.rtfWhat Sea Level Rise Looks Like for 24 US Cities 0413.rtfHow Sea-Level Rise Could Cause Havoc in South Florida 0313.rtfMiami Among Most at Risk for Sea Level Rise 0213.rtfLouisiana Coast Facing Grim Reality 0213.rtfNew Study Maps Regional Sea Level Rise Variation 0213.rtfDelaware Faces Sea Level Rise 0213.rtfPalm Beach Must Act on Rising Sea Levels 0213.rtfNew Map Pinpoints Cities to Avoid as Sea Levels Rise 0213.rtfReport Underscores Vulnerable US Coastlines 0113.rtfGulf Swallowing Galveston Faster than Thought 0113.rtfJakarta Sinking as Water Supplies Dry Up 1212.rtf3-Foot Sea Level Rise Means $31 Billion Damage Near Palm Beach 1212.rtfEast Coast of US to Be Early Casualty of Rising Seas 0812.rtfUS Atlantic Sea Levels Rising Fastest in at Least 2,000+ Years 0611.rtfStern's Bad News from Copenhagen 0309.rtfMegacities Face Future of Major Storm and Flood Risks as Seas Rise 1212.rtfAsia Mega-Cities Most Vulnerable to Floods from Warming 1012.rtfRising Sea Levels Threaten Unprepared Coastal US Cities 0312.rtfAussies Fear Sea-Level Policy May Slash $1 Billion Off Property Values 0513.rtfClimate Change Drowning the ‘Venice of Africa’ 0513.rtf
Sea Leve Rise 2.3 or 3.9 Meters per °C - Levermann 0613.pdf
Figures A-D represent 4 ice sources.
A: sea water expansion.
B: mountain (non-polar) glaciers.
C: Greenland.
D: Antarctica.
E: Total.
Note that paleoclimate studies (indirect observations) have found much higher sea level rise per °C warming than Levermann's models do. The difference stems from Antarctica.
Also, like Levermann's, much published research leaves unclear if warming is surface or the entire ocean. Stated differently, they assume than air at the land and sea surface warms as fast as the water in the ocean. Since 1960, land and sea surfaces have warmed 25 (recently) to 50 times (not as recently) as fast the whole ocean.
CAVEAT: Paleoclimate studies indicate 4-24 meters sea level rise long-term per 1°C. This indicates that Antarctic melting has been much more sensitive to temperature than models suggest. In the past 2 million years, that’s mostly because there was more ice to melt.
See, for example, "Climate Sensitivity, Sea Level & Atmospheric CO2“ - Hansen 0913 on Overviews page for sea level and Deep Ocean Temperatures (3rd graph on Home page, also on Overviews page & 2nd graph on Heat page).
For a 2nd example, see Tripati (2009) on Heat page: 3-6°C warmer and seas 25-40 meters higher (7-8 meters per °C) - for essentially today's CO2 levels. For a 3rd example, connect 120-meter sea level rise since the last galcial maximum (see graph above) to warming since then from Vostok ice core data. Vostok data shows 8-10°C warming over that time span (at the polar surface, but ~ 3 to 5°C warming for the deep ocean. (This comes from Hansen's book chapter in Springer, 2012, which has part 3 of 3-part graph (part 1 is on Home page and parts 1-2 on Overviews page)).
Maps+
Maps+
Articles
How Sea-Level Rise Could Cause Havoc in South Florida 0313.rtfMiami Among Most at Risk for Sea Level Rise 0213.rtfLouisiana Coast Facing Grim Reality 0213.rtfNew Study Maps Regional Sea Level Rise Variation 0213.rtfDelaware Faces Sea Level Rise 0213.rtfPalm Beach Must Act on Rising Sea Levels 0213.rtfNew Map Pinpoints Cities to Avoid as Sea Levels Rise 0213.rtfReport Underscores Vulnerable US Coastlines 0113.rtfGulf Swallowing Galveston Faster than Thought 0113.rtfJakarta Sinking as Water Supplies Dry Up 1212.rtfClick for moreArticles
3-Foot Sea Level Rise Means $31 Billion Damage Near Palm Beach 1212.rtfEast Coast of US to Be Early Casualty of Rising Seas 0812.rtfUS Atlantic Sea Levels Rising Fastest in at Least 2,000+ Years 0611.rtfStern's Bad News from Copenhagen 0309.rtfMegacities Face Future of Major Storm and Flood Risks as Seas Rise 1212.rtfAsia Mega-Cities Most Vulnerable to Floods from Warming 1012.rtfRising Sea Levels Threaten Unprepared Coastal US Cities 0312.rtfAussies Fear Sea-Level Policy May Slash $1 Billion Off Property Values 0513.rtfClimate Change Drowning the ‘Venice of Africa’ 0513.rtf
What Sea Level Rise Looks Like for 24 US Cities 0413.rtf
96 interactive inundation maps are on the web here. Here are excerpts: Miami, New York, Norfolk, & Sacramento (also on Water page).
Present Levels
+5 feet
+12 Feet
+25 Feet
Palm Beach Must Act on Rising Sea Levels 0213.rtf - Map is from elsewhere.
GIS = Greenland Ice Sheet
WAIS = West Antarctic Ice Sheet
EAIS = East Antarctic Ice Sheet
One of the most pressing questions in climate science today is how high will sea level rise in the coming decades. As global temperatures continue to increase, melting ice sheets and expanding ocean water are causing sea levels to rise at an accelerating rate.
Understanding these projections is crucial for preparing coastal communities and protecting ecosystems worldwide.
Sea level rise is primarily driven by two factors: the melting of glaciers and polar ice caps, and the thermal expansion of seawater as it warms. This process is closely linked to global warming, which intensifies both ice melt and ocean heating.
Understanding how high the sea level will rise also emphasizes the importance of climate action. Reducing carbon emissions, transitioning to renewable energy, and protecting natural barriers like mangroves and wetlands can help slow the rate of rise and reduce its impact.
In conclusion, the exact answer to how high will sea level rise depends on future human actions. However, the trend is clear—sea levels are rising, and the pace is increasing. By taking immediate steps to mitigate climate change and adapt to its effects, we can reduce risks and protect vulnerable coastal regions for future generations.
Section Map: Weather & Sea Level Rise
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